习近平访港庆祝主权移交25周年，称香港“浴火重生”China’s Leader Hails a Hong Kong ‘Reborn from Ashes’ Amid Crackdown艾莎, ZIXU WANG, 王霜舟2022年7月1日 中国最高领导人习近平和即将卸任的香港行政长官林郑月娥。习近平已于周四抵达香港参加庆祝香港主权从英国回归中国25周年的纪念活动。 POOL PHOTO BY SELIM CHTAYTIHONG KONG — Since the pandemic erupted in 2020, China’s top leader, Xi Jinping, has been hunkered down in a virus-free bubble within his country’s closed borders. On Thursday, he left the safe confines of the mainland for the first time, arriving in Hong Kong for a tightly scripted visit aimed at reinforcing his authority over the city. 香港——自2020年新冠疫情暴发以来，中国最高领导人习近平一直呆在自己国家封闭边界内的无病毒泡泡里。周四，他第一次离开了内地的安全范围，抵达香港进行一次严密安排的访问，目的是强化他对这座城市的权威。 Mr. Xi and his wife, Peng Liyuan, were greeted by schoolchildren and supporters who waved flower bouquets and small Chinese and Hong Kong flags as they stepped off a high-speed train at the sealed-off West Kowloon station to begin a two-day visit. Lion dancers performed as the neatly ordered rows of greeters chanted, “Warmly welcome, warmly welcome.” 习近平和夫人彭丽媛在戒备森严的高铁西九龙站走下专列，开始为期两天的访问时，他们受到了挥舞着鲜花以及小型中国国旗和香港区旗的学生和支持者们的欢迎。伴随着排列整齐的迎宾者“热烈欢迎！热烈欢迎！”的喊声，还有舞狮表演。 Mr. Xi’s decision to visit Hong Kong despite a recent rise in Covid infections in the city underscores the importance of signaling his control over the former British colony. This is Mr. Xi’s first time in Hong Kong since pro-democracy protesters mounted a serious challenge to Beijing’s rule in 2019 that roiled the territory for months. In the years since, Mr. Xi has enforced a sweeping crackdown on dissent, with the arrests of thousands of people, including leading opposition figures, lawmakers, academics, newspaper editors and a retired Catholic bishop. 尽管香港的感染人数最近有所增加，习近平仍要来访的决定凸显出表明这个英国前殖民地在他掌控之中的重要性。自2019年支持民主的抗议者对北京的统治发起严重挑战、使香港陷入持续数月的动荡以来，这是习近平首次访港。在那之后的几年里，习近平对当地的异见人士采取全面镇压。数千人被逮捕，包括反对派领袖、立法会议员、学者、报社编辑，以及一名退休的天主教主教。 习近平上次访港是2017年，当时他主持了香港新一任行政长官林郑月娥及其政府的就职宣誓。 KIN CHEUNG/ASSOCIATED PRESSFor many residents, the crackdown sent a chill over the city, transforming it beyond recognition. Mr. Xi, in a brief speech upon his arrival, sought to strike a positive note about the city’s “brighter future.” 对许多香港居民来说，令人不寒而栗的镇压已彻底改变了这个城市的面目。习近平在抵港后发表的简短讲话中，试图表达一种对香港“未来一定会更加美好”的积极看法。 “Hong Kong has withstood one severe challenge after another, and overcome one hazard after another,” he said. “After the storm, Hong Kong has been reborn from the ashes, showing flourishing vitality.” “过去一个时期，香港经受一次次严峻考验，战胜一个个风险挑战，”他说。“历经风雨后，香港浴火重生，展现出蓬勃的生机。” Mr. Xi has not left China in 29 months. His absence has been increasingly conspicuous, especially as a flurry of diplomacy arose in response to the war in Ukraine and the ensuing political, military and economic fallout. He called in via video link to a meeting of the Group of 20 in December; he sent a written statement to November’s climate meeting in Glasgow. He has yet to meet President Biden in person. 习近平已有29个月没有离开过中国了。他在国际舞台上的缺席越来越引人注目，尤其是在各国对俄罗斯入侵乌克兰以及这场战争引发的政治、军事和经济后果展开一系列外交活动之际。去年12月，他通过视频连线出席了20国集团会议；在去年11月的格拉斯哥气候峰会上，他做了书面发言。他至今仍未与拜登总统直接见面。 The inward turn points in large part to Beijing’s preoccupation with protecting Mr. Xi’s health ahead of an all-important Communist Party congress later this year where he is expected to claim another five years as China’s leader. But for Mr. Xi, taking a victory lap in Hong Kong is crucial to asserting his vision of national rejuvenation, in which the Communist Party restores China to what he regards as its rightful place as a global power. 这种向内的转变在很大程度上是因为，今年晚些时候召开的中国二十大之前，北京方面要全力保证习近平的健康，预计在这次会议上，他将获得第三个五年任期。但对习近平来说，来港参加庆祝活动对他宣称的国家伟大复兴愿景至关重要，即中共让中国恢复到他认为应该拥有的世界大国地位。 “Even though he has not been away from mainland China since early 2020, Xi thinks that, in terms of both his prestige and popularity, it would be good for him to visit just for several hours,” said Willy Wo-Lap Lam, an adjunct professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, referring to local news reports that Mr. Xi would not stay in Hong Kong overnight and would instead travel back to the bordering Chinese city of Shenzhen. “虽然自2020年初以来，习近平一直没有离开过中国大陆，但他认为，来访问几个小时会有利于他的声望和受欢迎程度，”香港中文大学客席教授林和立说道，他指的是当地新闻报道所称的习近平不会在香港过夜，而是会回到比邻城市深圳。 “Hong Kong has been undergoing drastic changes in the last three years, so he wants to reassure the public,” Mr. Lam said. “香港已经在过去三年里发生了巨大变化，所以他想打消公众的疑虑，”林和立说。 警方向香港法院外的抗议者打出警告横幅，摄于2021年3月。一项国家安全法律已经限制了香港的异见，这座城市曾经以政治自由闻名。 LAM YIK FEI FOR THE NEW YORK TIMESTo try to keep the virus out during Mr. Xi’s visit, Hong Kong erected an elaborate, closed-loop bubble. Thousands of government officials, dozens of foreign dignitaries and a carefully selected group of journalists were asked to undergo a week of daily rapid antigen tests and be confined in a hotel for quarantine this week. Office workers in a neighborhood that Mr. Xi was reportedly planning to visit were told to stay home. One school even sent dozens of students into quarantine for several days so they could greet Mr. Xi upon his arrival. 为了在习近平访港期间保证他的健康，香港打造了一个精心设计的闭环泡泡。数千名政府官员、数十名外国政要和一批精心挑选的记者被要求做一周的每日快速抗原检测，并在本周住进隔离酒店。据称在习近平计划访问的一个社区内，上班族被告知呆在家里。一所学校甚至对十名学生进行了几天集中隔离，以便他们能在习近平抵达时去欢迎他。 The stringent epidemic protocols Hong Kong has imposed for Mr. Xi’s visit are in contrast to many places with similarly high vaccination rates, which dropped such controls months ago. But China is the last country in the world that maintains a policy of trying to eliminate Covid, and is most likely concerned by a surge in cases in Hong Kong, where more than 2,000 daily Covid cases were recorded on Wednesday for the first time since April. 香港为习近平来访采取了严格的防控措施，这与许多有着类似高疫苗接种率的地方形成了鲜明的对比，那些地方已在几个月前取消了这些限制性做法。但中国是世界上最后一个坚持新冠病毒感染清零政策的国家，它很可能对香港的感染病例激增感到担心。本周三，香港录得2000多例新增感染，这是自今年4月以来的首次。 The closely choreographed visit, with few publicly announced details and a high level of security, suggests that Mr. Xi’s public interactions will be limited and protesters will be kept away, preventing unwelcome surprises. 这次严密安排的访问细节基本保密，并投入了大量保安力量，由此可以看出，习近平在访问期间与公共的互动将很有限，抗议者将无法接近，以防发生不受欢迎的意外。 香港会展中心外的路障，摄于本周。香港的新一届政府将在这里宣誓就职。 LAM YIK/REUTERSMr. Xi is expected to attend the swearing-in of the city’s next leader, John Lee, a former security chief, and his government on Friday, as every Chinese leader has done since the city’s official handover ceremony in 1997. Beijing had promised Hong Kong 50 years of “one country, two systems,” allowing it to preserve its freedoms of speech, assembly and the press unimaginable in the mainland after China resumed sovereignty. But halfway through that half-century, Hong Kong’s distinctive differences have shrunk as Mr. Xi has tightened Beijing’s grip on the city. 预计习近平将在周五出席香港下任行政长官李家超及其政府的宣誓就职仪式。李家超曾任香港的保安局局长。自从1997年香港主权正式移交给中国以来，中国领导人出席了香港政府的每次就职仪式。中国政府曾经承诺“一国两制”50年不变，允许香港在回归后保留内地难以想像的言论、集会和新闻自由。但50年过去了一半后，随着习近平收紧北京对香港的控制，这座城市的独特之处已所剩无几。 During his last visit to Hong Kong in 2017, Mr. Xi presided over the 20th anniversary of the handover and the inauguration of Chief Executive Carrie Lam. Her tenure would come to be defined by the citywide antigovernment protests, which began as peaceful rallies in defiance of an unpopular bill, but morphed into sometimes violent antigovernment dissent in response to brutal police tactics and Beijing’s encroachment on civil liberties. 习近平上次访港是2017年，他主持了香港回归20周年纪念活动和林郑月娥出任行政长官的就职典礼。全市范围的反政府抗议活动定义了林郑月娥后来的任期。抗议活动最初是和平集会，反对一项不受欢迎的法案，但后来演变为有时暴力的反政府对峙，以回应警方对抗议者采取的野蛮做法以及北京对公民自由的侵犯。 Mr. Xi imposed an expansive national security law on the city in 2020 aimed at stamping out opposition to the ruling Communist Party. Since then, the arrests of dozens of protesters and pro-democracy lawmakers and the shuttering of several news outlets have transformed the city, which was once known for its culture of political activism and free speech. 习近平已在2020年将国家安全法强加于香港，目的是铲除对中共的反对。自那以后，数十名抗议者和民主派议员被逮捕，多家新闻机构关门，彻底改变了这座曾以政治活跃和言论自由闻名的城市。 今年5月，候任香港行政长官李家超与习近平在北京会晤。 LI XUEREN/XINHUA, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESSAs part of Hong Kong’s Covid bubble for Mr. Xi’s visit, foreign consuls invited to attend were given instructions to undergo daily Covid testing starting June 23, and to limit their movements to a “point-to-point closed loop” system consisting of home and office. “Gathering activities and contact with other people are to be avoided,” the Celebration Coordination Office said in a booklet sent to various consulates and seen by The New York Times. Guests were told they would then need to go into hotel quarantine on June 30. 作为香港为习近平来访打造的安全泡泡的一部分，应邀参加活动的外国使节收到指示，从6月23日起每天做快速抗原检测，并将行动限制在从家到办公室的“点对点闭环”里，“避免聚会活动、避免与他人接触”，庆祝活动协调办公室发给各领事馆的小册子写道。《纽约时报》看到了这本小册子。应邀参加活动的人还被告知，他们需要在6月30日住进隔离酒店。 Journalists covering the event were sent to a different hotel from officials and dignitaries, on the other side of Victoria Harbor. The media presence will be smaller and more controlled than it was in previous ceremonies commemorating the handover. More than 10 journalists have been denied permission to cover Mr. Xi’s visit, according to the Hong Kong Journalists Association. Asked to comment on the restrictions, the government said it was balancing the media’s participation with “security requirements.” 报道庆祝活动的记者被分配到与官员和要人不同的酒店，酒店位于维多利亚港的另一边。与以往的香港回归纪念活动相比，报道此次活动的媒体人数会减少，也会受到更多的限制。据香港记者协会表示，10多名记者报道习近平来访的申请被拒。记者请求香港政府对这些限制置评时，对方表示，这是为了在“安全要求”与媒体参与之间找到平衡。 In addition to the guests attending events, hundreds of hotel workers, cleaners and other personnel who have helped to make the closed loop possible have had to quarantine as well. 除了参加活动的客人外，数百名酒店工作人员、清洁工和其他闭环工作人员也不得不接受隔离。 Cathy Cheng Yuk-ting, a member of the staff at Camlux Hotel in Kowloon Bay, where reporters and some government officials and members of the police force began their quarantine on Wednesday, said she had been quarantining in the hotel since Monday. 九龙湾君立酒店的工作人员郑玉婷说，她从周一开始就一直在酒店隔离。记者、部分政府官员和警方人员已于周三开始在这家酒店隔离。 Ms. Cheng, 39, said she missed her three daughters: two 4-year-old twins and a toddler. She had volunteered to take shifts during what she called a historic week. 39岁的郑女士说，她很想念自己的三个女儿：一对四岁的双胞胎和一个蹒跚学步的孩子。她选择在她称之为历史性的一周里自愿值班。 Every day after work, she returns to her hotel room for a video call with her family. “My daughters asked, ‘Mom, why can’t you go home?’” she said. “But this is my job. There is no other way.” 每天下班后，她都会在自己住的酒店房间与家人视频通话。“我的女儿们问我：‘妈妈为什么你不能回家啊？’”她说。“但这就是我的工作，没有办法。” 维多利亚公园的香港区旗和中国国旗，摄于周三。DALE DE LA REY/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES 艾莎(Alexandra Stevenson)是时报上海分社社长。欢迎在Twitter和Facebook上关注她。 王霜舟(Austin Ramzy)是《纽约时报》驻香港记者，专注本地新闻，也报道区域性和突发新闻。他此前驻台湾和北京，曾对亚洲重大事件作出报道。欢迎在Twitter上关注他： @austinramzy。 翻译：纽约时报中文网 点击查看本文英文版。 相关报道新版教科书：香港从不是英国殖民地2022年6月17日 新特首李家超与香港不确定的未来2022年5月9日 林郑月娥在批评与争议中走向卸任2022年4月6日 最受欢迎北约勾勒强硬战略愿景，首次宣布中国为“战略挑战” 无力感、脆弱和创伤：封锁给上海民众留下的心理伤痕 在美国，台湾炸鸡正当红 美国指控五家中国公司违反制裁、支持俄罗斯军队 一场以习近平为主角的中国领导人接班大戏 特朗普“邪教”的崩塌时刻 TikTok上的养生伪科学与“谣言粉碎机” 国会暴乱当天特朗普专车内发生了什么？爆料细节引发争论 摔盘子，抢方向盘：前助手曝光特朗普任内“最后的疯狂” 对俄罗斯石油限价，拜登和西方的一次冒险 国际 中国 商业与经济 镜头 科技 科学 健康 教育 文化 风尚 旅游 房地产 观点与评论 免费下载 纽约时报中文网 iOS 和 Android App 点击下载iOS App点击下载Android App点击下载Android APK © 2022 The New York Times Company.