好文 亿万富翁、反共先锋和诈骗嫌犯：多面郭文贵The Undoing of Guo Wengui, Billionaire Accused of Fraud on 2 Continents傅才德, BENJAMIN WEISER2023年3月30日 2017年，中国亿万富翁郭文贵在曼哈顿的公寓里，当时他正在美国自我流放。他现在被联邦政府拘留。JAMES ESTRIN/THE NEW YORK TIMESLuc Despins, a New York bankruptcy lawyer, typically took on difficult jobs: After the energy company Enron collapsed years ago, he helped thousands of victims recover some of their money. 纽约破产律师吕克·德斯平斯经常接下困难的工作：多年前能源公司安然倒闭时，他帮助数以千计的受害者收回了部分资金。 But when Mr. Despins was appointed by a bankruptcy court last year to locate the assets of Guo Wengui, a Chinese property mogul and political provocateur who had failed to repay tens of millions of dollars to a hedge fund, the assignment presented very different challenges. 但是，当德斯平斯去年被一个破产法庭任命去寻找郭文贵的资产时，这项任务带来了非常不同的挑战，这位中国房地产大亨和政治挑衅者未能向一个对冲基金偿还数千万美元。 In November, protesters appeared outside his home and that of his ex-wife. Photographs of his daughters, along with their names and employers, were posted on Gettr, a social platform catering to the American right. A video online accused Mr. Despins of helping to build concentration camps on behalf of the Chinese Communist Party. Protesters even entered his office lobby, Mr. Despins testified in court. 去年11月，抗议者出现在德斯平斯家和他前妻家外面。他女儿们的照片、名字和雇主被发布在面向美国右翼人士的社交平台Gettr上。网上一段视频指责德斯平斯代表中国共产党帮助建造集中营。德斯平斯在法庭上作证说，抗议者甚至进入了他的办公室走廊。 “Partners of the firm have been chased up the escalator, with people running — screaming, you know, ‘C.C.P. dog,’” he said. “公司的合伙人被追到自动扶梯上，你知道，那些人边跑边叫，‘共产党的走狗，’”他说。 It would be among the last of many harassment campaigns carried out in Mr. Guo’s name by his global legion of followers. Mr. Guo may now be at the end of a remarkable trajectory, from billionaire Beijing insider to fugitive critic of the Chinese Communist Party and ally of Trump Republicans. That path, fueled by bravado, ruthlessness, a keen political antenna and alleged theft, has left lingering suspicion about his allegiances. And it has now taken him from his Manhattan penthouse to his new place of residence: the Brooklyn federal detention center. 这是郭文贵全球众多追随者以他的名义发起的众多骚扰活动中的最新一例。从在北京有广泛人脉的亿万富翁，到在逃的中国共产党批评者，乃至特朗普共和党人的盟友，如今，郭文贵的非同寻常的轨迹可能已经走到了尽头。推动他在这条道路上疾驰的，是虚张声势、冷酷无情、敏锐的政治触角和据称的盗窃行为，这一切令人对他究竟效忠于谁产生了挥之不去的疑虑。如今，沿着这条道路，他从曼哈顿的顶层公寓来到了新的住所：布鲁克林联邦拘留中心。 纽约破产律师吕克·戴斯平斯被一家破产法院指定负责寻找郭文贵的资产。 BRENDAN MCDERMID/REUTERSThis month, Mr. Guo was arrested in that 9,000-square-foot apartment, charged with defrauding thousands of investors in the United States and overseas of more than $1 billion. If convicted, he could face decades in prison. Mr. Guo pleaded not guilty in Manhattan federal court and was ordered detained at the request of prosecutors, who described him as a flight risk and a danger to the community. 本月，郭文贵在那套830平米的公寓里被捕，被控诈骗数以千计美国和海外投资者，涉案金额超过10亿美元。如果罪名成立，他可能面临数十年的监禁。在曼哈顿联邦法院，郭文贵拒不认罪，在检察官的要求下，他被下令拘留，检方称他有潜逃风险，对社区构成威胁。 “Guo Wengui is such a grifter, he just understands that whatever system you are in you have to learn how to play it,” said Orville Schell, director of the Center on U.S.-China Relations at the Asia Society in New York, who met Mr. Guo in Beijing over a decade ago. “He had yachts, he had the whole panoply — he knew how to arrange things around him that created a sense of awe, success and invincibility.” “郭文贵就是这样一个骗子，他明白，无论你身处何种体制，你都必须学会如何操纵它，”纽约亚洲协会美中关系中心主任夏伟(Orville Schell)说。十多年前，夏伟在北京见过郭文贵。“他有游艇，他拥有一切——他知道该怎么安排周围的东西，创造一种令人敬畏、成功和不可战胜的感觉。” Mr. Guo’s lawyer, Stephen Cook, declined to comment. 郭文贵的律师史蒂芬·库克拒绝置评。 Mr. Guo rose from poverty to control a nationwide property empire centered on a $1 billion office, retail, hotel and residential complex next to the site of the 2008 Beijing Olympics. He lived in a sprawling lakeside courtyard compound in central Beijing valued at up to $230 million, with a separate barracks for his uniformed guards and a vast closet — as big as some homes — for his Brioni suits. By 2014 he ranked 74th among China’s richest people, with $2.6 billion. 郭文贵出身贫寒，后来控制了一个覆盖全中国的房地产帝国，其核心项目是2008年北京奥运会举办地附近的一座价值10亿美元的办公、零售、酒店和住宅综合体。他住在北京市中心一处价值2.3亿美元的湖滨大院里，有一个单独的营房供他的保安使用，还拥有一个巨大的衣橱——和一些人的房子那么大——用来放他的布里奥尼西装。到2014年，他以155亿元的资产位列中国富豪榜第74位。 Property empires in China rely on government connections and the free flow of cash, gifts and favors, and Mr. Guo’s links reached into the upper ranks of the country’s power structure, including Ma Jian, a senior intelligence official. 中国的房地产帝国依赖于政府关系，以及肆无忌惮的现金、礼物和人情的流动，郭文贵的关系深入到国家权力结构的高层，包括高级情报官员马建。 With Mr. Ma’s help, Mr. Guo, in the fashion of a Russian oligarch, obtained majority control of a securities business by buying out the share of a state-owned company, according to an investigation by Caixin, a Chinese newsmagazine, which also found numerous instances of Mr. Guo failing to repay large debts. Business associates who fell out with him landed in police custody. Mr. Ma subsequently said in a videotaped confession that he had accepted more than $8 million in gifts from Mr. Guo in exchange for interventions with other officials to eliminate roadblocks for his property projects, deter rivals and other strong-arming. 据中国新闻杂志财新的调查显示，在马建帮助下，郭文贵以俄罗斯寡头的方式通过买断一家国有公司的股份，获得了一家证券公司的多数控制权。财新还发现了郭文贵有多宗未能偿还大笔债务的情况。与他闹翻的商业伙伴被警方拘留。马建随后在一段录像中承认，他从郭文贵那里接受了6000多万元的礼物，作为交换，马建与其他官员进行干预，为郭文贵的房地产项目消除障碍，威慑竞争对手，并采取其他强硬手段。 “He would get calls from Ma Jian almost hourly,” Mr. Schell recalled of Mr. Guo. “They’d be bro-ing it up as if they were in a start-up together.” “他几乎每小时都会接到马建的电话，”夏伟回忆郭文贵时说。“他们关系好得就像一起在创业一样。” Mr. Guo’s wealth brought him in contact with foreign dignitaries whose names he could drop. In Beijing, he enjoyed showing visitors his photos with the former U.S. secretaries of state Henry A. Kissinger and George P. Shultz. Mr. Guo said he had met Kim Jong-un, leader of North Korea, on a trip there. He tweeted pictures of himself with the Dalai Lama; he later told The New York Times he had acted as an intermediary for the government. 郭文贵的财富让他与外国政要有了接触，他嘴边都是这些人的名字。在北京，他喜欢向来访者展示他与美国前国务卿亨利·基辛格和乔治·舒尔茨的合影。郭文贵说，他在访问朝鲜期间见过朝鲜领导人金正恩。他在Twitter上发布了自己和达赖喇嘛的合影；他后来告诉《纽约时报》，他曾为政府担任中间人。 But by early 2015, a Chinese anticorruption campaign, aimed at officials on the take from freewheeling billionaires, had ensnared Mr. Ma. In a country where the fall of a patron often puts his confidants in legal jeopardy, Mr. Guo fled before he too could be arrested, entering the United States on a tourist visa. 但到2015年初，中国开展了反腐运动，专门针对从不受约束的亿万富翁那里收钱的官员，马建也被卷入其中。在中国，保护人的倒台往往令其亲信面临法律危险，郭文贵在自己也可能被捕之前就逃跑了，持旅游签证进入了美国。 Finding Friends on the Right 寻找右翼的朋友 Once in New York, Mr. Guo went silent. Among China watchers, speculating on what this well-connected businessman might be doing became a parlor game. Mr. Guo, whose age has been variously described as 52, 54 or 55, has said his feng shui master told him that 2015 was a bad year, and it was best to stay quiet until 2017. 郭文贵在抵达纽约后保持低调。在中国观察人士当中，猜测这位人脉广泛的商人可能在做什么成了一种游戏。郭文贵的年龄有52岁、54岁或55岁等多种说法，他说他的风水师告诉他，2015年是个坏年头，最好在2017年之前保持沉默。 But there was a more obvious reason for Mr. Guo to go public in 2017: It was uncertain whether his nemesis Wang Qishan, who oversaw the anticorruption campaign, would remain in high office after a Communist Party conclave that fall. Apparently trying to influence the outcome, Mr. Guo spoke out, first on Twitter, attracting hundreds of thousands of followers, and then on YouTube, posting daily stream-of-consciousness videos. 但郭文贵在2017年开始在抛头露面还有一个更明显的原因：他的克星、监督反腐运动的王岐山是否会在那年秋天的党代会后继续身居要职，这一点还不确定。郭文贵显然想影响结果，他先在Twitter上发表了言论，吸引了数十万粉丝，然后在YouTube上每天发表意识流式的谈话视频。 Among other claims, Mr. Guo alleged that Mr. Wang headed a corrupt family with secret stakes in a Chinese conglomerate. He provided tantalizing clues and documents, but like many of his other assertions, they were impossible to verify. 郭文贵发表了各种主张，特别是指控王岐山领导着一个腐败家族，在一家中国企业集团中持有秘密股份。他提供了诱人的线索和文件，但是，就像他的其他许多其他主张一样，这些线索和文件无法得到证实。 Mr. Guo, who also goes by Miles Kwok and several other names, held court at his $68 million residence at the Sherry-Netherland with sweeping Central Park views. While buying the apartment, he provided the building’s co-op board a recommendation from former Prime Minister Tony Blair of Britain. “Miles is honest, forthright and has impeccable taste,” Mr. Blair wrote in the letter, unearthed by a British tabloid in 2021. 同时会使用迈尔斯·郭(Miles Kwok)等多个名字的郭文贵在雪莉荷兰酒店一套价值6800万美元、俯瞰中央公园美景的公寓住了下来。在购买这套公寓时，他向大楼共管委员会提供了英国前首相托尼·布莱尔的推荐信。“迈尔斯诚实、直率，品味无可挑剔，”布莱尔在信中写道。2021年，一家英国小报曝光了这封信。 Mr. Blair had previously introduced Mr. Guo to Abu Dhabi’s crown prince, according to Caixin, which said Mr. Guo raised $3 billion from the emirate’s royal family. On Wednesday, prosecutors said in a court filing that the F.B.I. had found a copy of an expired United Arab Emirates passport at Mr. Guo’s New Jersey mansion, along with more than $394,000 in U.S. currency. Agents also found about 30 cellphones scattered among three of his residences, the filing said, including one under a mattress in his Manhattan apartment. 据财新报道，布莱尔此前曾将郭文贵介绍给阿布扎比王储。财新称，郭文贵从阿联酋王室募集了30亿美元。周三，检察官在一份法庭文件中称，联邦调查局在郭文贵位于新泽西州的豪宅里发现了一份过期的阿联酋护照副本，以及超过39.4万美元的钞票。文件称，特工还在他的三个住所中发现了大约30部手机，其中一部藏在他曼哈顿公寓的床垫下。 联邦调查局的一名发言人表示，郭文贵是在他位于荷兰雪利酒店的公寓里被逮捕的。 SPENCER PLATT/GETTY IMAGESMr. Guo became a hero to tens of thousands of people in the Chinese diaspora with his insider accounts of alleged corruption among top Communist Party officials. 因曝光中共高层官员涉嫌腐败内幕，郭文贵成了上万海外华人的英雄。 He also began working to connect with America’s powerful. By 2017 he was a member of Mar-a-Lago, then-President Donald J. Trump’s Florida club. When in Washington, he booked rooms at the Trump International Hotel. 他还开始努力与美国的权势人物建立联系。到2017年，他成了时任总统特朗普的佛罗里达马阿拉歌俱乐部的会员。在华盛顿时，他在特朗普国际酒店订了房间。 Mr. Guo needed friends. It was highly unusual for a prominent Chinese businessman who had been close to government officials to go on the attack. Angry that he was leveling explosive charges against leaders, Chinese officials said in April 2017 that Interpol had issued a “red notice” for his arrest. 郭文贵需要朋友。对于一个曾与政府官员关系密切的著名中国商人来说，主动出击是非常不寻常的。中国官员对他提出有关领导人的爆炸性指控感到愤怒，并于2017年4月表示，国际刑警组织已经发出了逮捕他的“红色通缉令”。 China’s government also tapped the casino mogul Steve Wynn, who ran a resort in the Chinese territory of Macau and served as finance chairman of the Republican National Committee, along with a deputy finance chair, Elliott Broidy, to prod Mr. Trump to deport the billionaire. But the effort failed. 为促使特朗普驱逐郭文贵，中国政府还找来了赌场大亨史蒂夫·韦恩，他在中国领土澳门经营一个度假村，并曾担任共和党全国委员会的财务主席；此外还找来了该委员会的财务副主席埃利奥特·布罗伊迪。但是这一努力失败了。 2020年6月，斯蒂芬·k·班农和郭文贵宣布成立“新中国联邦”，这是指一个中国政府的替代。 VIA YOUTUBETo fend off China, Mr. Guo applied for political asylum in September 2017 and moved closer into Trump circles, embracing views held by the president and the American far right. Mr. Guo soon won the support of influential Trump allies, and they won access to his money. 为了抵抗中国，郭文贵于2017年9月申请政治庇护，并且向特朗普的圈子靠拢，拥护这位总统和美国极右翼的观点。郭文贵很快就赢得了有影响力的特朗普盟友的支持，而他们反过来也得到了他的资金。 In late 2018 Stephen K. Bannon, Mr. Trump’s onetime chief strategist, became chairman of the Rule of Law Fund, billed as a $100 million effort financed by Mr. Guo to disseminate information about Communist Party corruption and to help its victims. 2018年底，曾任特朗普首席策略师的史蒂芬·K·班农成为法治基金主席，这个基金号称由郭文贵注资一亿美元，用以宣传有关中共腐败的信息，向受害人提供帮助。 “We both naturally despise the Chinese Communist Party,” Mr. Guo told The Times then. “That’s why we’ve become partners.” Mr. Bannon said of his new backer: “He really impressed me.” Their relationship deepened, with Mr. Guo lending Mr. Bannon $150,000 and later offering him a $1 million consulting contract, according to Axios. “我们都鄙视中共，这是自然的，”郭文贵当时对时报说。“这就是我们成为合作伙伴的原因。”班农对这位新资助人的评价是：“他真的给我留下了深刻印象。”两人的关系日渐加深，据Axios报道，郭文贵曾借给班农15万美元，后来还提出给他一份100万美元的咨询合同。 Mr. Guo formed GTV Media Group, which spread news to a Chinese-speaking audience through a mobile app, in April 2020. He sold shares of it, raising about $452 million from more than 5,500 people. Soon after came G-Clubs, a concierge service promising access to trendy fashion (G-Fashion) and rights to buy GTV shares. This raised another $255 million. Guo-promoted cryptocurrencies took in $500 million, according to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. 2020年4月，郭文贵成立了GTV传媒集团，制作了一个面向中文读者的新闻应用。他出售了该集团股份，向超过5500人募集大约4亿5200万美元的资金。接下来很快又推出礼宾服务G-Clubs，承诺可以带来时尚潮流（G-Fashion）和GTV股份购买权。这一次他又筹到2亿5500万美元。据美国证券交易委员会，郭文贵推销的加密币赚到了5亿美元。 GTV carried Mr. Bannon’s “War Room” podcast, on which Mr. Guo was a frequent guest. The two promoted vaccine skepticism and pushed unsubstantiated theories about Covid’s origins. 班农的播客“战情室”是在GTV发布的，郭本人也经常上这个节目。两人一起宣扬对疫苗的怀疑，鼓动未经证实的新冠病毒起源假说。 In June 2020 Mr. Bannon and Mr. Guo announced the New Federal State of China, an idea for an alternative Chinese government. “We will completely overthrow the Chinese Communist Party!” Mr. Guo declared against a backdrop of the Statue of Liberty and a $37 million yacht that he called his “warship.” To emphasize his goal, he released a song a few months later called “Take Down the C.C.P.,” which briefly held the No. 1 spot on the iTunes chart. 2020年6月，班农和郭文贵宣布成立新中国联邦，意在取代中国政府。郭在一艘价值3700万、被他称为“战舰”的游艇上宣告“我们会把共产党在中国彻底打倒！”，画面的背景是自由女神像。为了强调他的目标，他还在几个月后发布了歌曲《干掉共产党》(Take Down the C.C.P.)，一度冲上iTunes排行榜榜首。 But by then, Mr. Bannon had been arrested on Mr. Guo’s yacht, charged in Manhattan with defrauding hundreds of thousands of donors to an online campaign to help build a wall on the Mexican border, and of using large sums for personal expenses. Mr. Bannon pleaded not guilty and was later pardoned by Mr. Trump before trial. 但是那时班农已经在郭文贵的游艇上被逮捕，他在曼哈顿被控通过为修建墨西哥边境墙进行网上募捐欺诈了数十万名捐款人。班农做出了无罪抗辩，后来在开庭审判前被特朗普赦免。 Rallying a Base to Retaliate 纠集支持者发起报复 While Mr. Guo was building an army of followers, he was also lashing out at perceived enemies. In Beijing, he had taken down a vice mayor blocking his flagship property development by obtaining a videotape showing the married official having sex with another woman. When a magazine was investigating Mr. Guo, he accused its publisher of having a child out of wedlock with another of his opponents. 建起自己的拥趸大军的同时，郭文贵还在攻击他的假想敌。在北京，他因为自己的旗舰物业在开发时受到某副市长阻拦，用这名官员的婚外性爱录像促成他的下台。当一家杂志开始调查他时，他指称杂志出版人与他的另一个敌人有一个私生子。 In the United States, Mr. Guo’s vengeance took many forms: lawsuits, social media attacks, and the dispatching of supporters to targets’ homes and workplaces. 在美国，郭文贵会以各种不同的形式复仇：诉讼，通过社媒发起攻击，或派自己的拥趸去目标人物的家宅和工作场所。 According to a prosecutors’ memo seeking his detention, several victims told the government that after they complained to him about mishandling their money, he accused them of spying for the Chinese Communist Party, “effectively directing the wrath” of his base against them. 据一份寻求将其羁押的检察官备忘录，多名受害人向政府表示，他们曾就捐赠款项遭擅自挪用一事向郭文贵表达不满，他转而指责他们是中共间谍，“实际上就是纠集”他的支持者来对付他们。 法律学者和人权活动人士滕彪在2018年被郭文贵以诽谤罪起诉，该案后来被驳回。 JEENAH MOON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMESHe was especially harsh toward Chinese dissidents, like Teng Biao, a legal scholar and human rights activist who was imprisoned in China and later fled. Mr. Teng was an early critic of Mr. Guo, who sued him for defamation in 2018; the case was ultimately dismissed. 他对中国的异议人士格外凶狠，比如曾在中国入狱、后来逃到海外的法律学者、人权活动家滕彪。滕彪是最早开始指责郭文贵的人之一，因此在2018年被他控告诽谤，但以撤诉告终。 “After watching him for 20 minutes I realized that this guy is just a swindler,” Mr. Teng said of Mr. Guo. “He’s not somebody who wants to fight for democracy or freedom in China. He just wants to use his influence and his impact to cheat people for money.” “我用20分钟去看他，然后意识到他只是骗子，”滕彪这样评价郭文贵。“他不是那种要为中国的民主或自由抗争的人。他只是想利用他的影响力骗取他人金钱。” In December 2020, Guo supporters surrounded Mr. Teng’s home in Princeton Junction, N.J., cursing at his school-age daughters and carrying signs that accused Mr. Teng of spying for the Chinese Communist Party. Guo supporters also gathered outside the homes of several other prominent Chinese rights activists. The protesters stayed for two months, Mr. Teng recalled. 2020年12月，郭文贵的支持者包围了滕彪在新泽西州普林斯顿交叉口的家，辱骂他尚在学龄的女儿，举着指控滕彪是中共间谍的标语。郭的支持者还在其他几位中国知名人权活动家的家门口聚集过。滕彪说抗议者在那里待了两个月才走。 Mr. Guo’s actions against Chinese dissidents fueled speculation that he was somehow working in concert with the Chinese government. 郭文贵对中国异议人士的非难引起人们的猜疑，认为他可能是在配合中国政府行动。 2020年班农被提审后，新中国联的支持者在纽约联邦法院外抗议。 KEVIN HAGEN/EPA, VIA SHUTTERSTOCKAt first, some Chinese activists in the United States, including Sasha Gong, a reporter, were taken with Mr. Guo’s message. But Ms. Gong later developed suspicions about his anti-Chinese Communist Party credentials because of his attacks on dissidents and the source of his funds. “I wrote Bannon that not a penny of Guo’s money was clean, don’t take a penny of it,” she said in an interview. 包括记者龚小夏在内的一些在美中国活动人士一开始被郭文贵所吸引。但他对异议人士的攻击以及他的资金来源，让龚开始怀疑他是否真心反对中国共产党。“我给班农去信说，郭的钱没有一分是干净的，一分都不要拿，”她在一次采访中说。 A Manhattan federal judge ruling in a civil case in which Ms. Gong testified reflected on how difficult it was to determine Mr. Guo’s loyalties. “The evidence at trial does not permit the court to decide whether Guo is, in fact, a dissident or a double agent,” the judge, Lewis J. Liman, wrote. If U.S. intelligence officials have any concerns, they haven’t resulted in charges. 在一桩龚小夏作证的民事案中，一位曼哈顿联邦法官的判决书里提到，很难判断郭文贵效忠于哪一方。“本案证据不足以令本庭裁断郭是否为异议人士或双重间谍，”法官刘易斯·J·利曼说。无论美国情报官员是否存在担忧，总之在指控中并没有这方面的体现。 Far less ambiguous was Mr. Guo’s strident support for Mr. Trump. During the run-up to to the 2020 presidential election, Mr. Guo’s media network sought to damage the campaign of the Democratic nominee, Joseph R. Biden, Jr., claiming to have material from his son Hunter Biden’s laptop, including sexually explicit images. 郭文贵对特朗普的坚决支持则要明确得多。在2020年总统大选前夕，郭文贵的媒体网络曾试图破坏民主党候选人拜登的竞选，称已经掌握拜登之子亨特·拜登笔记本电脑里的材料，包括色情图片。 But Jack Maxey, a former “War Room” co-host who was working to disseminate information from the laptop, said several images posted by Mr. Guo’s network had been fabricated, and only distracted from what Mr. Maxey considered far more damaging material documenting Hunter Biden’s work with a Chinese private-equity fund. 但曾大力传播上述笔记本电脑信息的前《战情室》搭档主持人杰克·马克西说，郭文贵媒体网络上发布的许多照片都是伪造的，而且这些照片反而转移了公众对亨特·拜登与一家中国私募股权基金合作的相关材料的关注，而马克西认为这些材料的破坏力要大得多。 “He took fake photographs and claimed they came from Hunter’s laptop,” Mr. Maxey said of Mr. Guo. “他伪造了照片，并宣称它们来自亨特的笔记本电脑，”马克西在谈到郭文贵时表示。 Mr. Guo endorsed Mr. Trump’s stolen election lie, spending hundreds of thousands of dollars so proponents of his anti-C.C.P. campaign could gather in Washington for the so-called Million MAGA March that November in support of the then-president, who was refusing to concede. Mr. Guo funded a court challenge to Mr. Biden’s election victory in Georgia, reported Mother Jones magazine. Mr. Guo also funded Gettr, the social media network set up in 2021 that until recently was headed by Jason Miller, Mr. Trump’s longtime campaign adviser and spokesman. 郭文贵支持了特朗普关于选举舞弊的谎言，耗费巨资让支持他反共运动的人在11月集结华盛顿，参加所谓的“百万挺川大游行”，支持拒绝承认败选的时任总统。据《Mother Jones》杂志报道，针对拜登在佐治亚州的胜选，郭文贵出资发起了一场法庭挑战。郭文贵还资助了Gettr，这是一家创立于2021年的社交媒体网络，一直由特朗普的长期竞选顾问兼发言人杰森·米勒执掌，不久前才卸任。 That September, the S.E.C. filed civil charges against three companies tied to Mr. Guo, alleging that the firms had conducted unlawful securities offerings for his media company, which had attracted more than 5,000 investors. The companies, without admitting to or denying the allegations, agreed to pay more than $539 million to settle. 同年9月，证券交易委员会对与郭文贵有关的三家公司提起民事诉讼，指控这些公司为他的媒体公司非法发行证券，吸引到超过5000名投资者。三家公司对这些指控不置可否，同意支付超过5.39亿美元的和解费。 The S.E.C.’s suit followed lawsuits by investors who claimed they had wired money for GTV shares but received no proof of purchase, and were not given refunds they requested. Government prosecutors said this month that Mr. Guo had defrauded thousands of investors. 此前有投资者已经提起诉讼，称他们曾汇款购买GTV股份，但并未收到认购证明，也没有得到他们要求的退款。政府检察官本月表示，郭文贵对数以千计投资者进行了诈骗。 A 60-year-old woman in the Seattle area who asked to be identified only by her last name, Chen, said she had been drawn to Mr. Guo in 2019 because of his support for pro-democracy protests in Hong Kong. She grew up in China during the Cultural Revolution, and her parents, both academics, had suffered. 西雅图地区一位不愿透露全名的60岁陈姓妇女说，她在2019年开始支持郭文贵，因为他力挺香港的民主抗议活动。她在文革时期的中国长大，身为学者的父母都深受其害。 Ms. Chen said she first gave $2,500 to one of Mr. Guo’s organizations, believing the money would go to help Hong Kong students escape. In May 2020, she invested $125,000 in GTV. “At the time we thought we did the right thing,” she said. When she could not get her money back, she said, she contacted the authorities and joined other aggrieved investors in suing Mr. Guo. 陈女士说，她先是给郭文贵名下的一个组织汇去2500美元，以为这笔钱能帮助香港学生逃离那里。2020年5月，她向GTV投资12.5万美元。“那时候我们以为这是正义之举，”她说。发现拿不回自己的钱后，她说她联系了当局，并与其他利益受侵害的投资人联合起诉了郭文贵。 It was one of many civil suits against Mr. Guo since his arrival in the United States. Another, festering since 2017, would bring Mr. Despins, the bankruptcy lawyer, into his orbit. 这是郭文贵抵美后面临的众多民事诉讼之一。另一起自2017年以来不断发酵的诉讼则把破产律师德斯平斯牵扯进来。 A Hong Kong-based hedge fund, the Pacific Alliance Asia Opportunity Fund, had sued Mr. Guo over a $30 million debt that had ballooned with interest. In February 2021, a court ordered Mr. Guo to pay $116.4 million. But he defied the order, and by February 2022, after being penalized $500,000 a day for moving his yacht out of the court’s jurisdiction, he was ordered to pay Pacific Alliance $134 million. 总部位于香港的太盟亚洲机会对冲基金起诉了郭文贵，因为他欠下的3000万美元债务在随着利息增加不断膨胀。2021年2月，法院判令郭文贵支付1.164亿美元。但他无视判决，在因将游艇移出法庭管辖范围而被处以每天50万美元的罚款后，他于2022年2月被勒令向太盟基金支付1.34亿美元。 Days later, Mr. Guo filed for bankruptcy. That gave his followers new targets: Mr. Despins and his family. The alleged harassment they endured is detailed in court records; Mr. Despins declined to comment. 很快，郭文贵申请了破产。这让他的追随者有了新目标：德斯平斯和他的家人。法庭记录中详细记述了他们受到的骚扰。德斯平斯拒绝置评。 In recent months, Mr. Guo has abandoned the buzz cut and clean shave that he long paired with his Brioni suits. He has grown his hair, along with a salt-and-pepper beard. Last week, someone saying she was his daughter, Guo Mei, posted on his Gettr account that he was in high spirits at the pretrial detention center in Brooklyn. He was playing basketball to stay in shape. 近几个月来，郭文贵不再保持一直以来搭配布里奥尼西装的寸头平整、脸庞光净的造型。他留长了头发，胡须花白。上周，一个自称是他的女儿郭美的人通过他的Gettr账号上发文称，他在布鲁克林的审前拘留中心状态良好。为了保持身材，他还打起了篮球。 Kenneth P. Vogel对本文有报道贡献。 傅才德(Michael Forsythe)是时报调查记者。他曾担任驻香港记者，报道中国金钱与政治的交集。他还曾在彭博新闻社工作，是一名美国海军老兵。欢迎在Twitter上关注他：@PekingMike。 Benjamin Weiser是报道曼哈顿联邦法院的记者。他长期作为专线记者和调查记者报道刑事司法。在1997年加入时报之前，他在《华盛顿邮报》供职。欢迎在Twitter上关注他：@BenWeiserNYT。 翻译：纽约时报中文网 点击查看本文英文版。 相关报道郭文贵涉诈骗逾10亿美元在美被捕2023年3月16日 新冠病毒起源阴谋论背后的“推手”2020年11月20日 班农因涉诈骗美墨边境墙资金被捕2020年8月21日 爆料者郭文贵：权力、秘闻与谜团2018年1月10日 最受欢迎金刻羽：美国真的能理解中国吗？ 阿里巴巴将分拆为六个业务集团，均可独立融资上市 深陷债务泥潭的中国地方政府为何仍大兴基建？ 台湾前总统马英九历史性访问中国大陆 FTX创始人被控向中国官员行贿4000万美元 TikTok上什么最火？为周受资说话 中国副总理何立峰：主管经济的习近平忠诚追随者 从“中国制造”到“美国制造” 为什么“中国金融末日”没有成为现实 谎言、争吵和欺诈：乌克兰战争中不光彩的美国志愿者 国际 中国 商业与经济 镜头 科技 科学 健康 教育 文化 风尚 旅游 房地产 观点与评论 免费下载 纽约时报中文网 iOS 和 Android App 点击下载iOS App点击下载Android App点击下载Android APK © 2023 The New York Times Company.